Tuesday, December 16, 2008
Book THREE (Chapters 14-15)
After speaking with these people, Madame Defarge travels to Lucie's place of residence to attempt to catch her grieving for a prisoner which is supposedly an illegal act. By this, Madame Defarge hopes to have more evidence to imprison Lucie and her family along with the wood-sawyer's testimony of them spying.
At the apartment, Miss Pross and Jerry Cruncher are just getting ready to leave. Cruncher leaves first and says that he will wait at the cathedral so as not to cause any unwanted suspicion. After Jerry is gone, Madame Defarge arrives at the apartment demanding to know where Lucie is. Madame says, "... I am come to make my compliments to her in passing. I wish to see her." Miss Pross knows that she only has evil intentions and chooses not to tell her. Madame Defarge continues to demand to see Lucie, but Miss Pross does not give up. She says, "... I know that the longer I keep you here, the greater hope there is for my Ladybird. I'll not leave a handful of that dark hair upon your head, if you lay a finger on me!" At that moment, Madame Defarge and Miss Pross engage in a struggle, and Miss Pross shoots Madame Defarge accidentally, killing her. Miss Pross, in a panic, saw what she had done and walked around the body as far away as she could and dropped the door key in the river and heads to the cathedral.
After arriving at the cathedral, Miss Pross waits for Cruncher to arrive, and when he does, she tells him that there was a large crash, and she can't hear. She never directly tells Cruncher what happened, just that she cannot hear anything. He just says that if she can't hear the carts she will never hear again. "And indeed she never did."
This chapter was meant to emphasize the fall or death of the antagonist, Madame Defarge. Dickens illustrates to the reader that Madame Defarge's own past has changed her into this creature of animosity.
In chapter 15, the final chapter of the book, Carton is riding in a tumbril to the guillotine while holding a girls hand. He tells her, "Keep your eyes upon me, dear child, and mind no other object." She replied, "I mind nothing while I hold your hand. I shall mind nothing when I let it go, if they are rapid." This part of the novel made me sorrowful. Dickens depicts this girl to be a mere child being sent to the guillotine. Also this part made me actually think about what it was like. Slowly approaching your death, wondering if the blade would fall fast or slow. It made me actually picture myself under the guillotine and also picture me watching from a distance as the blade slice through someone's neck and their head fell from their body, no longer attached. I did not like this part of the novel because of what it made my mind wonder to...
At the very end of the novel, Carton said everything that he saw in the future, when he would not be there. He said that he saw Barsad, Cly, Defarge, The Vengeance, the men of the jury, the Judge, and all the other oppressors making their way to the guillotine just as he was doing. He also said that he saw a city rising above defeat, and the evil gradually making expiation. He said that he saw the lives of his friends being peaceful, useful, and prosperous. He said that he holds a sanctuary in their hearts and of their many generations to come. "I see that child who lay upon her bosom and who bore my name, a man winning his way up in that path of life which once was mine... I see him, foremost of just judges and honoured men, bringing a boy of my name, with a forehead that I know and golden hair... and I hear him tell the child my story, with a tender and faltering voice." I think that this whole passage that Carton proclaims means that he sees Lucie and Darnay giving birth to a boy and naming the boy after himself. I thought this because of the "golden hair," and Lucie was always known for her golden curls. I think that this is something that he wishes more than anything when he is gone. I think this because he wants to know that Lucie did care for him and did love him but in a different way. I also think that everything that he claimed that he saw in the future was something that he wished because he wanted to be the one who influenced the happiness and joy that would become of people's lives.
"It is a far, far better thing that I do, than I have ever done; it is a far, far better rest that I go to than I have ever known." This last sentence was very important to me because Carton always said that his life didn't mean anything, and by this, he is saying that he finally made it mean something. He had always been known as a good-for-nothing drunk, and now he would be known even after he was dead; his name would be remember, and he would be remembered.
The denouement of this novel revealed Carton as a Christ-figure because he sacrificed himself and his life in return for other people to live just as Christ sacrificed himself so that everyone could live eternally.
Wednesday, December 10, 2008
Book THREE (Chapters 10-13)
Dr. Manette in his attempt to save the young woman, was unable to. To me, this shows how many people of the higher class or the aristocrats always seem to think that they are better than everyone of any lower class like Darnay's uncle who was killed by the child's father. He raped the woman because he thought that he had a right to. How does anyone have a right to rape or kill or harm any other human being without any probable reason????
The day after all of this occurs, Darnay's mother, who is also the wife of the Marquis, came to Dr. Manette's house after his return home. She wants to find the sister of the young woman who was raped so that she can offer her help. Unfortunately, the Doctor does not know where the girl is because she was hiding from the Marquis. The following day, Dr. Manette is taken away and imprisoned for his eighteen years on the orders of the Marquis. This part showed me a lot about Darnay's mother and father. His father, the Marquis, was obviously a cruel man, but I don't understand why he had Dr. Manette put in prison. What ever happened to the Marquis? Did he die? This also showed me that there was quite a difference between Darnay's mother and Darnay's father. His mother was someone who wanted to help others, and she seemed to be a generous woman; whereas his father was what seemed to be the antithesis of his mother, at least that is the way it seemed to the reader. He was a ruthless man. Why did he have Dr. Manette put in prison anyways?
After hearing the story, the crowd and the jury react immediately by sentencing Darnay to death within the day (24 hours). What I didn't understand about his was that, why was Darnay being put to death for something that his father and his uncle did? I think that this is another incident where the crowd merely wants to see someone suffer and die for entertainment. They only put him to death for that reason because they did not have another.
In chapter 11, Darnay is taken back to his prison cell by John Barsad. Before he is imprisoned again, Barsad allows Lucie and Darnay a moment to embrace each other. This is what seems to be the last time that they will ever embrace. Darnay says, "Farewell, dear darling of my soul. My parting blessing on my love. We shall meet again, where the weary are at rest!" Then they both say their goodbyes, and Dr. Manette attempts to tell Darnay that he is sorry by getting down on his knees, but Darnay says that he need not to apologize. Instead, Darnay apologizes for everything that he was put through and says that he should not blame himself for the way the trial turned out. Then, as Darnay is being taken away by Barsad, Lucie faints. Carton carries Lucie back to the carriage and orders that she not be awakened. As he leaves, he kisses Lucie on the forehead and whispers to her "A life you love." What does this sentence mean? Does it mean that Carton is going to interfere with the death of Darnay by possibly having himself killed instead just so Lucie has the life she loves???
The last words of this chapter are spoken by Carton, "Yes. He will perish: there is no hope." as he walked with a settled step downstairs. I think that Carton only says this but does not believe it like Mr. Lorry and Dr. Manette believe it. They think that Darnay has no hope of living, whereas Carton does he just doesn't lead on to thinking that.
In chapter 12, Carton goes over to the Defarges' wine shop and, in an attempt to eavesdrop, fakes a French accent. Carton learns that Madame Defarge plans to accuse Lucie, little Lucie, and her father, Dr. Manette, of spying. I don't understand how one can accuse a little kid of spying. A little can't spy and know what they are doing. If they do know what they are doing, then they would probably be spying for someone else anyways. How is Madame Defarge going have proof and evidence of their spying? Carton also finds out that Madame Defarge is the surviving sister of the young woman that was raped and of the brother that was stabbed. Therefore, the reader now knows her reason for hating Darnay so much. Although I still don't understand why she would have a grudge on his family when Darnay had nothing to do with, it was his father and his uncle that killed her family. I think that Charles Dickens intended to have Madame Defarge as the antagonist.
After hearing this, Carton returns to Tellson's Bank where Mr. Lorry and Dr. Manette are. Dr. Manette is obviously becoming distressed because he begins asking for his shoemaking tools again, which he has not done in a long time. Carton also tells Mr. Lorry that he should get Lucie and her daughter ready to leave the city the following day because Madame Defarge plans on revealing that they are spies. Carton gets in the carriage to leave, but before he does so, he says goodbye to Lucie's window. I think that this is foreshadowing that he is going to die rather than Darnay.
In chapter 13, the title symbolizes the men and women that are condemned to die the next day along with Darnay. Darnay writes a letter to Lucie and Dr. Manette and Mr. Lorry. He writes that he is sorry for keeping his real identity secret and says that he did not know about his family's connection with Dr. Manette's imprisonment.
Soon after Darnay is finished writing his letter, Carton visits Darnay. Carton convinces Darnay to switch clothes with him and drugs him to put him to sleep. Barsad drags Darnay out of the cell, and Carton takes Darnay's place in the cell to be put to death. Carton is then taken to a waiting room where many other prisoners are awaiting the guillotine. Only one woman recognizes that Carton is not Darnay, but she does not say anything.
One the other side of town, a carriage takes Dr. Manette, Lucie, little Lucie, Mr. Lorry, and Darnay out of Paris.
By Carton taking Darnay's place, he is doing just what he told Lucie that he would do. He is helping her friends and her just like he said. He said that he would do anything for her or for any of her friends, and although Lucie did not tell her to do this, he knew it would be what she wanted.
Why does Carton drug Darnay? I think it is because Darnay would not go for Carton's idea of switching places, and he would think it was wrong. Darnay would say that it was his duty to die in his own place.
Thursday, December 4, 2008
Book THREE (Chapters 3-9)
Also in this chapter, Mr. Lorry receives a message from Dr. Manette informing him that he and Darnay are safe but cannot leave the prison yet. At this time, Madame Defarge is seen on the street. "Is that his child? said Madame Defarge, stopping in her work for the first time, and pointing her knitting-needle at little Lucie as if it were the finger of Fate." When Madame Defarge says this, I think it seems kind of foreboding. I think that it is foreshadowing that Madame Defarge will attempt to hurt little Lucie to get revenge on Charles Darnay. This must scare Lucie when she hears this. How could it not? What does it mean by "the finger of Fate?" Whenever I thought of Fate, I thought of death and what is meant to happen. It usually isn't something good... This must be a pretty important part in the book for Madame to stop knitting because she had never done that before; it was the first time.
After having a brief conversation with Madame Defarge, Lucie says to her, "... O sister-woman, think of me. As a wife and mother!" Madame Defarge looks at her "coldly as ever" and says, "... Judge you! Is it likely that the trouble of one wife and mother would be much to us now?" What Madame Defarge means is that she has seen a lot of suffering and harm done since she was young, so to her, a group of peope or a class is more important than just one individual. I found the way that she says this kind of cruel. Madame Defarge not a very nice person I have come to find out. I hope that the Defarges get what's coming to them in the end. I think they will.
In chapter 4, Dr. Manette is gone for four days, and during these days "... eleven hundred defenceless prisoners of both sexes and all ages had been killed by the populace..." Also during this time, "He [Dr. Manette] could now assure Lucie that her husband was no longer confined alone,..." The Doctor now had a "new life." This new life is another example of resurrection. Since Dr. Manette has a new life, he hoped to use this to help Darnay. "But, though the Doctor tried hard, and never ceased trying, to get Charles Darnay set at liberty, or at least to get him brought to trial, the public current of the time set too strong and fast for him. The new era began; the king was tried, doomed, and beheaded..." How evil and awful did this revolution become? Also at this time they refer to "La Guillotine" in many supposedly humorous ways. "It was the best cure for headache, it infallibly prevented the hair from turning grey, it imparted a peculiar delicacy to complexion, it was the National Razor which shaved close..." How could the people at this time compare the guillotine, the structure that was taking so many lives, to something of humor? Was it supposed to be comic relief for the people because they actually feared for their lives?
"One year and three months." How can Lucie go so long without seeing her husband? She must really love him to wait for him. "My dear, there is an upper window in the prison, to which Charles can sometimes gain access at three in the afternoon. When he can get to it... he might see you in the street... From that time, in all weathers, she waited there two hours. As the clock struck two, she was there, and at four she turned resignedly away." To me, this shows true devotion to her husband. Now I understand why she married this man. If she loved him this much, why would she marry someone else?
What is the significance of the Carmognole? Why does dancing gain so much attention in this chapter?
In chapter 6, Charles Darnay is one of the many people to be put on trial. Gabelle and Dr. Manette testifies for him. "At every vote, the populace set up a shout of applause. All the voices were in the prisoner's favour, and the President declared him free." Because of they testified, Darnay is acquitted, and the crowd carries him back to his home in a big chair. The passage depicts how the people or the crowd had more of an influence on the President than the Jury did.
I found that the only significant part about chapter 7 was when the four Jacques knock on the door and arrest Charles Darnay again but don't give a reason. The only thing known is that he was denounced by the Defarges and one other person. This also explains the title of the chapter, "A Knock at the Door."
In chapter 8, Miss Pross and Jerry Cruncher are shopping when Miss Pross recognizes her brother in the Defarges' wine shop. Solomon, her brother, is now a part of the French Republic. Cruncher is also surprised because he recognizes the man as John Barsad who was an English spy. Carton takes Barsad to Tellson's Bank where there is a confrontation between Mr. Lorry, Jerry Cruncher, and Sydney Carton. At this time, Carton says that he knew the man that Barsad was talking to as Roger Cly. Barsad merely says that it is impossible because Roger Cly is dead. Cruncher says that he looked in the coffin and knew there was no body in it. After this, Barsad agrees to help Carton.
In the finally chapter of this reading, Mr. Lorry finds out that Jerry Cruncher is a grave robber. Cruncher defends himself by saying that he is helping other people by using the organs and also saying that if he is a bad person then so are the doctors that use the organs.
Also in this chapter, there is a connection to the bible. "I am the resurrection and the life, saith the Lord: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live: and whosoever liveth and believeth in me, shall never die." This is said by the priest at Carton's father's funeral. I'm not sure what it means, but I am almost certain that it has some significance in the novel because of all of the biblical references.
At the end of the chapter, it is found out that Dr. Manette is the third denouncer. I don't understand why he would have done that.
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
Book TWO - Book THREE (Chapters 22 - Chapter 2)
Also in this chapter, I think that there is another incident of resurrection. I think that Foulon is an example of resurrection because he was "dead," and then he was found alive like he came back to life like Christ did. Although it was not really him that was in the casket that was buried, it still seems Christ-like because he was buried and came back to life like Jesus's body was placed in a tomb with a huge boulder over the entrance and he also came back to life. What is the significance of the incidents of resurrection? Another example that Foulon is Christ-like is that, in the mob's attempt to hang him on a lamppost, the rope breaks twice before Foulon is successfully hung. By making him seem inhuman and immortal by not dying on the first attempts, Foulon is seen as more of a connection to Christ.
At the end of this chapter after Foulon is hung, the mob, who merely likes the amusement of seeing someone die, kills Foulon's son-in-law too even though he has no known connection to spying or anything that Foulon has done. After all of the excitement for the day, the members of the mob return to their homes seemingly satisfied.
Chapter 23 also has a connection to the bible. "For, in these times, as the mender of roads of worked, solitary, in the dust, not often troubling himself to reflect that dust he was and to dust he must return..." This passage is similar to the book of Genesis which is found in the bible. God created Adam and Eve from dust and blew the breath of life into them.
Also in this chapter, the place where Monseigneur once lived goes up in flames. Many of the residents watch as the fire engulfs the building but do not offer any help. This depicts how the people at this time sought out entertainment just as they found entertainment in seeing others suffer and die. At this time, Monsieur Gabelle is persecuted by the residents for his link to the tax collecting. They trap him within a building so Monsieur Gabelle is forced to the housetop. He claims that if they don't let him down, he will jump and crush the men beneath him. At this time, the mob lets Monsieur Gabelle escape.
Chapter 24 is titled Drawn to the Loadstone Rock because a loadstone is a type of magnet that is very powerful, and a magnet is something that pulls or draws other things toward it. Charles Darnay is drawn to Paris, France to reclaim his family name and relinquish the power back to the people. "But, he had oppressed no man, he had imprisoned no man; he was so far from having harshly exacted payment of his dues, that he had relinquished them of his own will, thrown himself on a world with no favour in it, won his own private place there, and eaned his own bread."
In Chapter 1 of the final book of the novel, Darnay is put in prison when he reaches Paris. Defarge, who is the hired escort of Darnay, refuses to help Darnay out. He only says that he knows Darnay, but will not help him because of his loyalty to his country.
"So strangely clouded were these refinements by the prison manners and gloom, so spectral did they become in the inappropriate squalor and misery through which they were seen, that Charles Darnay seemed to stand in a company of the dead." While Darnay is imprisoned, he feels that he is surrounded by ghosts because he is in the company of dead people. The other imprisoned people are thought of as dead people because they have been there for so long. "... all waiting their dismissal from the desolate shore, all turning on him eyes that were changed by the death they had died in coming there."
In Chapter 2, Mr. Lorry is in Tellson's Bank in Paris as he hears the roaring going on in the streets outside. He prays thankfulness that none of the people that he cares for are in Paris at the time. I think that this part is ironice because just as he says that Dr. Manette and Lucie Manette rush into his room and tell him that Charles Darnay is in prison. It is ironic because the people that Mr. Lorry cares about are Dr. Manette and Lucie Manette, and he is in Paris which means that they must also be in Paris. He obviously did not know that they were in Paris before they rushed into the room.
At the end of the chapter things turn around, and the crowd no longer wants to kill Darnay. They actually seem rather ecstatic to save him.
Tuesday, November 18, 2008
Book TWO (Chapters 16-21)
In chapter 16, Madame Defarge registers John Barsad as one of the men marked for death. Since John Barsad is not a part of the Jacques, she thinks that he is a spy and warns the customers of the wine shop of the spy by placing a rose on her bonnet. As she did this "the customers ceased talking, and began gradually to drop out of the wine shop. Also within the wine shop, "heaps of flies, who were extending their inquisitive and adventurous perquisitions into all the glutinous little glasses near madame, fell dead at the bottom. Their decease made no impression on the other flies out promenading, who looked at them in the coolest manner, until they met the same fate." Why did no one care that dead flies were landing in the glasses? Were they living that low of a standard of life that it didn't matter? I think that the flies dieing as they were is foreshadowing the many deaths that will occur in the near future during the French Revolution.
A customer of the wine shop compliments Madame Defarge on her knitting. "Decidedly. May one ask what it is for?" By this it seems that the customer is very well mannered, and, unlike others residing in the area, has good grammmar. She replies, "Pasttime." I don't think that this is completely true. She may knit as a pasttime, but I also think that she knits as a symbol of her hatred, her hatred of the government and, as it is shown earlier, spies.
In chapter 17, Lucie and her father spent time together. They sat together under a tree. Lucie says, "You are happy, my dear father?" Her father replies, "Quite, my child." I don't necessarily believe him because I don't think that any father is happy the night before their daughter is going to get married. Doesn't every father feel like they are losing their daughter, their little girl when they walk them down the aisle? I don't think that Lucie completely believes him either, that is why she went to her father's room when he was sleeping. She was making sure that he was asleep and not shoe making because she knew that his shoe making was his way of making his mind more content when he was mentally stirred.
In chapter 18, Darnay reveals to Dr. Manette what his real name is and that he is going to be the new Marqui because the late Marqui was stabbed and died. "The door of the Doctor's room opened, and he came out with Charles Darnay. He was so deadly pale--which had not been the case when they went in together--that no vestige of colour was to be seen in his face." This portrays to the reader that Dr. Manette is disturbed by this news that Charles Darnay just revealed to him. I think that he thinks that since Darnay is the new Marqui, Darnay will be able to take his daughter away from him just as what happened many years earlier before he went to prison. Because of what Darnay said to Dr. Manette, he starts his shoemaking again which shows his disturbed conscience about it.
In chapter 19, the shoemaking equipment is destroyed with Dr. Manette's permission. Dr. Manette refers to the shoe making tools as "such an old companion." Mr. Lorry insists to Dr. Manette that he should get rid of it and not use it anymore. He is against the idea until Mr. Lorry says, "I would recommend him to sacrifice it. I only want your authority. I am sure it does no good. Come! Give me your authority, like a dear good man. For his daughter's sake, my dear Manette!" Dr. Manette then replies, "In her name, then, let it be done; I sanction it. But, I would not take it away while he was present. Let it be removed when he is not there; let him miss his old companion after an absence." This shows the reader how truly important and how much he loves his daughter, even though the reader should already know this. Why does Mr. Lorry go from saying "you" to saying "he" or "him?" It seems as if he gets them mixed up.
In chapter 20, the reader see the best side of Lucie and that she is able to forgive. Also, by somewhat pitying Carton, Darnay does not get jealous, instead he becomes more attracted to her by her goodness and her virtuous qualities. Lucie doesn't only pity Carton though, I think that she respects him also. She respects him because of his love for her and his being able to pronounce his love for her even though he knew he could never be with her. Most of all, she wants Darnay to be nice to Carton because Carton promised Lucie that he would do anything for her even if he never got to be with her. To me, that would attract me to the person who said that. It would create an internal conflict and possibly complicate Darnay and Lucie's relationship. Do you think that Lucie is having internal conflicts about what Carton said? Or do you think that she has merely accepted that he loves her and only wants to be close friends?
In the final chapter of this week, chapter 21, the revolt in the French Revolution begins. By this time, Lucie and Darnay have had a child of their own. So it was a few years later. The echoes as it says in the title of the chapter are the footsteps that can be heard and felt from Paris to London because they are so extreme and real. Also in this chapter, Defarge discovers something at 105 North Tower where Dr. Manette prison cell was located. I think that this discovery will be another turning point in the novel. This revelation will be one of the more major ones in the novel because I think that it is something that Dr. Manette didn't mean for anyone to see until at least after his death. He thought that he would be in the prison until his death, but obviously it was not true.
Tuesday, November 11, 2008
Book TWO (Chapters 10-15)
Comic relief is shown in chapter eleven when Mr. Stryver says that Lucie will marry him. He says, "...and perhaps will make you think me not quite as shrewd as you usually do think me. I intend to marry... Yes. And not for money..." This passage displays that most marriages were for money rather than love. People would marry so they could make and have enough money together to keep themselves out of debtor's prison. I think that it is sad that they married someone they didn't usually love just to stay out of prison. At the same time though, it is smart because if they were alone, didn't have anyone else, and they went to prison, then they wouldn't have anyone to make money and bail them out so they would be in prison long enough to be put to death. Even though Stryver does not want to marry Lucie for money, he doesn't want to marry her for love either; whereas Darnay does. Stryver merely wants to marry her because she has a high social status. I don't think that is right, that would basically be using her. Stryver also tells Carton that he needs to find a woman to take care of him because he is a drunk. He says, "Marry. Provide somebody to take care of you. Never mind your having no enjoyment of women's society, nor understanding of it, nor tact for it. Find out somebody..." Stryver doesn't know Carton very well obviously because Carton does want to marry. He wants to marry Lucie also, but he thinks that he is not good enough to do so. Stryver tells Carton to find a woman to marry because he has found his, and he wants to marry Miss Manette. Carton also wants to marry her, but he keeps quiet to Stryver because I don't think that he wants him to know; all Stryver would do is put him down and tell him that he is not good enough for her and that he is better.
The title of this chapter is a connection to Mr. Lorry because he is very "delicate" to Mr. Stryver when he tells him that she does not want to marry him. Mr. Lorry actually didn't ask Lucie but pretends like he actually did. He looks out for Lucie and tries to find her someone that would care the most for her because he cares so much for her. Mr. Stryver does not take the news of Lucie not accepting his proposal very well. He just goes on saying that it is her loss, not marrying him.
In chapter thirteen, the reader is shown who the real Sydney Carton is. Carton talks to Lucie and toward the end of their conversation he reveals something very important to her. He says, "... It is useless to say it, I know, but it rises out of my soul. For you, and for any dear to you, I would do anything. If my career were of that better kind that there was any opportunity or capacity of sacrifice in it, I would embrace any sacrifice for you and for those dear to you." I found this very heartening and disheartening at the same time. It was heartening because he finally tells Lucie how he really feels about her, but it was disheartening because, by saying this, Carton says that he has basically given up trying even though he never really tried to win her over in the first place. He has accepted his defeat, but I think by telling Lucie this, she will become attracted to him and find out who he really is and choose him.
Tuesday, November 4, 2008
Book TWO (Chapters 6-9)
Also, as I was reading, I noticed that there is a lot of shadows and darkness within Dickens writing. What is the specific reason for using such darkness? I think that the shadows and darkness are always foreshadowing something such as the French Revolution when people starved and were sent to debtors prison and even when they were killed by the guilletiene. An example of the darkness and shadows are when Tellson's Bank is being described.
Another significant thing that I realized while reading this section was the effect of imprisonment on the novel. Dr. Manette was a victim of imprisonment. He had been in prison for eighteen years before he was finally freed, and after he was let free, he was afraid to remember his past because he did not want to lose himself. When he would be overcome by his past, he would begin his shoemaking again. To him, shoemaking was his escape. He used it to escape from his thoughts.
Another thing that I discovered about Dr. Manette is that he has many internal conflicts. He is often seen pacing back and forth late at night in his bedroom. I think these internal conflicts foreshadow that it will be discovered what exactly happened in his past and why it is so hard for him to think about.
The beginning of chapter 7 seems to be somewhat comical the way it says, "Monseigneur was in his inner room, his sanctuary of sanctuaries, the Holiest of Holiests to the crowd of worshippers in the suite of rooms without... this morning's chocolate could not so much as get into the throat of Monseigneur, without the aid of four strong men besides the Cook." How could it take four men for someone to swallow something? I don't get it!! One man carried the chocolate into the room, one man stirred the chocolate, one man gave Monseigneur a fancy napkin, and the last man pour the chocolate. "It was impossible for Monseigneur to dispense with one of these attendants on the chocolate and hold his high place under the admiring Heavens." I think that this basically means that Monseigneur was of high class and status and if he would get rid of one of his servants he wouldn't be as "high." I think that is kind of pathetic.
The Farmer General is introduced in this chapter. The Farmer General is a wealthy upper class person who pocketed extra money he would collect from taxes. Monseigneur want his sister to marry the Farmer General so that she would never have to worry about money or going into debtors prison for money.
Also in this chapter something that I and most other people would call immoral happens. While Marquis is racing in his carriage through the streets, a child is run over. To make up for the loss of this child, he throws a couple of coins at the wine shop owner and the child's father. As he drives away, a couple of the coins are thrown back at him in anger, and Marquis just says that he would be willing to run over any of them. I don't understand how things such as this could happen. Someone's child was just run over and killed but no one does anything about it. Why??? Were the people afraid that if they did something then all of them would be killed by the guilletiene because they were of lower-class? I think that it is just unjust how something like that would happen. By nobody doing anything to stand up for the man, it reminds me of the Holocaust. The Jews would get taken away, but no one would stand up for each other until it was them that was picked and it was too late.
In chapter 8, I am rather surprised to find out that Charles Darnay is the nephew of Marquis. Marquis is the uncle of Darnay because he is Darnay's father's twin brother. Also within the next chapter, the reader discovers that Darnay suspects his uncle of being involved in putting him into prison for treason. Darnay says, "I have come back, sir,... pursuing the object that took me away. It carried me into great and unexpected peril..." By this, Darnay is speaking of his uncle, and he shows to the reader of his suspicion toward his uncle. But actually Darnay did not committ treason, he only went to France so often for family business and for his mother. I think that the family business that is spoken of is his name being changed.